Reflective Bible Study Gospel Adventure

Sitting in Moses’ Chair: Matthew 23:1-36

Published May 19, 2026 in Written Journal Entries

Focus Passage: Matthew 23:1-36 (NASB)

¹ Then Jesus spoke to the crowds and to His disciples, ² saying: “The scribes and the Pharisees have seated themselves in the chair of Moses; ³ therefore all that they tell you, do and observe, but do not do according to their deeds; for they say things and do not do them. ⁴ They tie up heavy burdens and lay them on men’s shoulders, but they themselves are unwilling to move them with so much as a finger. ⁵ But they do all their deeds to be noticed by men; for they broaden their *I.e. small cases containing Scripture texts worn on the left arm and forehead for religious purposesphylacteries and lengthen the tassels of their garments. ⁶ They love the place of honor at banquets and the chief seats in the synagogues, ⁷ and respectful greetings in the market places, and being called Rabbi by men. ⁸ But do not be called Rabbi; for One is your Teacher, and you are all brothers. ⁹ Do not call anyone on earth your father; for One is your Father, He who is in heaven. ¹⁰ Do not be called leaders; for One is your Leader, that is, Christ. ¹¹ But the greatest among you shall be your servant. ¹² Whoever exalts himself shall be humbled; and whoever humbles himself shall be exalted.

¹³ “But woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites, because you shut off the kingdom of heaven from people; for you do not enter in yourselves, nor do you allow those who are entering to go in. ¹⁴ [*This v not found in early mssWoe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites, because you devour widows’ houses, and for a pretense you make long prayers; therefore you will receive greater condemnation.]

¹⁵ “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites, because you travel around on sea and land to make one proselyte; and when he becomes one, you make him twice as much a son of hell as yourselves.

¹⁶ “Woe to you, blind guides, who say, ‘Whoever swears by the temple, that is nothing; but whoever swears by the gold of the temple is obligated.’ ¹⁷ You fools and blind men! Which is more important, the gold or the temple that sanctified the gold? ¹⁸ And, ‘Whoever swears by the altar, that is nothing, but whoever swears by the offering on it, he is obligated.’ ¹⁹ You blind men, which is more important, the offering, or the altar that sanctifies the offering? ²⁰ Therefore, whoever swears by the altar, swears both by the altar and by everything on it. ²¹ And whoever swears by the temple, swears both by the temple and by Him who dwells within it. ²² And whoever swears by heaven, swears both by the throne of God and by Him who sits upon it.

²³ “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you tithe mint and dill and cummin, and have neglected the weightier provisions of the law: justice and mercy and faithfulness; but these are the things you should have done without neglecting the others. ²⁴ You blind guides, who strain out a gnat and swallow a camel!

²⁵ “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you clean the outside of the cup and of the dish, but inside they are full of robbery and self-indulgence. ²⁶ You blind Pharisee, first clean the inside of the cup and of the dish, so that the outside of it may become clean also.

²⁷ “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you are like whitewashed tombs which on the outside appear beautiful, but inside they are full of dead men’s bones and all uncleanness. ²⁸ So you, too, outwardly appear righteous to men, but inwardly you are full of hypocrisy and lawlessness.

²⁹ “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you build the tombs of the prophets and adorn the monuments of the righteous, ³⁰ and say, ‘If we had been living in the days of our fathers, we would not have been partners with them in shedding the blood of the prophets.’ ³¹ So you testify against yourselves, that you are sons of those who murdered the prophets. ³² Fill up, then, the measure of the guilt of your fathers. ³³ You serpents, you brood of vipers, how will you escape the sentence of hell?

³⁴ “Therefore, behold, I am sending you prophets and wise men and scribes; some of them you will kill and crucify, and some of them you will scourge in your synagogues, and persecute from city to city, ³⁵ so that upon you may fall the guilt of all the righteous blood shed on earth, from the blood of righteous Abel to the blood of Zechariah, the son of Berechiah, whom you murdered between the temple and the altar. ³⁶ Truly I say to you, all these things will come upon this generation.

Read Matthew 23:1-36 in context and/or in other translations on BibleGateway.com!

Throughout Jesus’ ministry, the group of people He seemed to have the most difficulty with were the scribes and Pharisees. These two groups of people were the most religious of the religious people living at that time, and in many ways, their religion was their life.

While Matthew, Mark, and Luke all include Jesus cautioning the people about becoming like the scribes and Pharisees, only Matthew goes into great detail describing where the scribes and Pharisees had missed God’s plan. Matthew tells us that Jesus said to those listening, “The scribes and the Pharisees have seated themselves in the chair of Moses; therefore all that they tell you, do and observe, but do not do according to their deeds; for they say things and do not do them. They tie up heavy burdens and lay them on men’s shoulders, but they themselves are unwilling to move them with so much as a finger. But they do all their deeds to be noticed by men; for they broaden their phylacteries and lengthen the tassels of their garments.” (v. 2-5)

It is interesting that Jesus describes the scribes and Pharisees teaching as being worthwhile, but their actions as being worthless. Jesus told the people, “Therefore all that they tell you, do and observe, but do not do according to their deeds; for they say things and do not do them.” (v. 3)

The role of the religious leaders was to show God to the people, but the only picture they were painting of God was a harsh, demanding dictator that was standing by, ready to punish those who messed up. The religious leaders had set up rules and laws to protect them from coming close to breaking God’s laws, because in their minds, God is very strict and protective of His law.

When these first century Jewish leaders compared God’s will for His people on a spectrum measuring obedience and compassion, they firmly believed that He would only be compassionate on those who were obedient. Obedience was at the foundation of what they taught, but they didn’t even live up to their own standard. This may be why Jesus shared a few verses later, “But woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites, because you shut off the kingdom of heaven from people; for you do not enter in yourselves, nor do you allow those who are entering to go in. Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites, because you devour widows’ houses, and for a pretense you make long prayers; therefore you will receive greater condemnation.” (v. 13-14 [Mark 12:40; Luke 20:47])

The problem Jesus had with the religious leaders while He was present on earth is they had built the wall between humanity and God so high that it was impossible to get through – and then after they had that wall built, they didn’t go through themselves. Because of their teaching, and especially their actions, the scribes and Pharisees turned people off of even wanting to know God.

This warning to those living in the first century also cautions me to live out what I teach. The leaders in the first century spoke more conservatively than they acted, but perhaps it is better to err in the other direction. It may be better to live in a more conservative way than what we communicate to others. If we live and share God’s love, forgiveness, and acceptance towards those who have repented, we are accurately representing His character as displayed through Jesus’ life on earth!

This thought was inspired by studying the Walking With Jesus “Reflective Bible Study” package. To discover insights like this in your own study time, click here and give Reflective Bible Study a try today!

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Flashback Episode — Our Redeemer-Judge: John 8:12-30

Published May 18, 2026 in Audio Journal Entries

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As we continue moving through John’s gospel, we come to another place where Jesus challenges the crowds, and from the context of this event, this crowd included a number of Pharisees. It is fascinating in my mind when reading this event to discover that the challenge the religious leaders bring to Jesus looks like a valid challenge on the surface. However, for these religious leaders’ challenge to be valid, they would have to reject much more than they would like to admit.

With that said, let’s read about what happened and about the challenge these religious leaders give Jesus.

Our passage for this event is found in John’s gospel, chapter 8, and we will read it from the New Century Version. Starting in verse 12, John tells us that:

¹²Later, Jesus talked to the people again, saying, “I am the light of the world. The person who follows me will never live in darkness but will have the light that gives life.”

¹³The Pharisees said to Jesus, “When you talk about yourself, you are the only one to say these things are true. We cannot accept what you say.”

¹⁴Jesus answered, “Yes, I am saying these things about myself, but they are true. I know where I came from and where I am going. But you don’t know where I came from or where I am going. ¹⁵You judge by human standards. I am not judging anyone. ¹⁶But when I do judge, I judge truthfully, because I am not alone. The Father who sent me is with me. ¹⁷Your own law says that when two witnesses say the same thing, you must accept what they say. ¹⁸I am one of the witnesses who speaks about myself, and the Father who sent me is the other witness.”

¹⁹They asked, “Where is your father?”

Jesus answered, “You don’t know me or my Father. If you knew me, you would know my Father, too.” ²⁰Jesus said these things while he was teaching in the Temple, near where the money is kept. But no one arrested him, because the right time for him had not yet come.

²¹Again, Jesus said to the people, “I will leave you, and you will look for me, but you will die in your sins. You cannot come where I am going.”

²²So the Jews asked, “Will he kill himself? Is that why he said, ‘You cannot come where I am going’?”

²³Jesus said, “You people are from here below, but I am from above. You belong to this world, but I don’t belong to this world. ²⁴So I told you that you would die in your sins. Yes, you will die in your sins if you don’t believe that I am he.”

²⁵They asked, “Then who are you?”

Jesus answered, “I am what I have told you from the beginning. ²⁶I have many things to say and decide about you. But I tell people only the things I have heard from the One who sent me, and he speaks the truth.”

²⁷The people did not understand that he was talking to them about the Father. ²⁸So Jesus said to them, “When you lift up the Son of Man, you will know that I am he. You will know that these things I do are not by my own authority but that I say only what the Father has taught me. ²⁹The One who sent me is with me. I always do what is pleasing to him, so he has not left me alone.” ³⁰While Jesus was saying these things, many people believed in him.

In this passage, Jesus makes some very bold claims. And the religious leaders present were quick to challenge Jesus’ claims based on the detail that they did not see anyone else validating these claims.

This challenge is one of the better challenges the religious leaders could think of, because any secondary witness validating Jesus’ claims could immediately be challenged, judged, and likely discredited. Because of this, I suspect this is why Jesus didn’t remind them of John the Baptist, who made the same claim about Jesus. I also suspect this is why Jesus didn’t pull out the secondary witness of the scripture, because it would cut to the heart of their belief, and this wasn’t likely the right time for that.

Instead, Jesus counter-challenged the religious leaders on the detail that His secondary witness is God the Father, and that only those who knew Him would also be able to recognize the Father. Jesus subtly dismisses the religious leaders’ challenge by giving them a secondary witness but also telling them that they are unlikely to ever know Him.

Jesus emphasizes that without faith in Him, specifically faith in Jesus, everyone present, and we could also say everyone at any point in history, will die in their sins. Only through Jesus is a made way for us to trade our sins away. Jesus offers to take the punishment for our sins and in return, He offers us the life that He deserved – a life that can begin today and extend into eternity.

However, in this event, and in what Jesus shares, He makes a powerful set of claims that are easy to miss. In verses 15 and the first part of 16, Jesus tells those present that: “You judge by human standards. I am not judging anyone. But when I do judge, I judge truthfully, because I am not alone.”

This truth is powerful, because it tells us that Jesus did not come as a judge when He came to earth in the first century. Instead, while Jesus doesn’t claim the role of judge at that point, He does foreshadow that He will judge in the future. This verse brings out the powerful truth that: Our redeemer is also Our Judge.

If you have ever been worried or uneasy about God the Father judging you and that somewhere in your past is an unconfessed sin that could forever separate you from God forever, you should take that worry to Jesus, and understand that Jesus is not only your Redeemer, He is also the Judge. We don’t have a Judge who is unfamiliar with what life is like as a human living in a sinful world. Our Judge understands our lives better than we might be willing to accept, and our Judge gave His life to redeem us.

God loves us so much that Jesus came to take our place. Jesus not only became our Redeemer on the cross, Jesus also happens to be our Judge. This means that Satan’s accusations against us can simply be brushed aside by our Judge when we accept the gift of His sacrifice on our behalf, and let His perfect life cover our sins.

As we come to the end of another podcast episode, here are the challenges I will leave you with:

As I always challenge you to do, intentionally seek God first in your life and choose today to accept Jesus’ gift in your life. Choose to place your faith, hope, trust, and belief in what Jesus accomplished for humanity on the cross, and ask Him to take your sin-filled past and give you His life in exchange. This prayer is one that Jesus is more than happy to answer!

Also, continue praying and studying the Bible for yourself to learn and grow closer to God and Jesus each and every day. Choose to pray and study personally in order to make your relationship with God personal, and don’t let anyone get in the way of your relationship with God!

And as I end every set of challenges by saying in one way or another, never stop short of, back away from, chicken out of, or run from where God wants to lead you to in your life with Him!

Flashback Episode: Year in John – Episode 20: When some religious leaders challenge Jesus about some of His claims, discover in Jesus’ response a powerful truth about who ultimately will judge, and why this truth is one of the biggest promises in the entire Bible!

One Difficult Command: John 13:31-38

Published May 15, 2026 in Written Journal Entries

Focus Passage: John 13:31-38 (NIV)

³¹When he was gone, Jesus said, “Now the Son of Man is glorified and God is glorified in him. ³²If God is glorified in him, God will glorify the Son in himself, and will glorify him at once.

³³“My children, I will be with you only a little longer. You will look for me, and just as I told the Jews, so I tell you now: Where I am going, you cannot come.

³⁴“A new command I give you: Love one another. As I have loved you, so you must love one another. ³⁵By this everyone will know that you are my disciples, if you love one another.”

³⁶Simon Peter asked him, “Lord, where are you going?”

Jesus replied, “Where I am going, you cannot follow now, but you will follow later.”

³⁷Peter asked, “Lord, why can’t I follow you now? I will lay down my life for you.”

³⁸Then Jesus answered, “Will you really lay down your life for me? Very truly I tell you, before the rooster crows, you will disown me three times!

Read John 13:31-38 in context and/or in other translations on BibleGateway.com!

During the supper Jesus shared with His disciples on the night of His arrest, He shares with them a profound idea that might sound obvious on the surface, but it has a slight twist that makes it unique. At this “Last Supper”, Jesus gives the disciples a new command.

John tells us that while they were together after Judas Iscariot had left, Jesus told them, “A new command I give you: Love one another. As I have loved you, so you must love one another. By this everyone will know that you are my disciples, if you love one another.” (v. 34-35)

On the surface, this sounds like Jesus simply is restating the “Love your neighbor as yourself” commandment He had shared earlier in His ministry as one of the top two commandments of the law. But loving one another is different from loving your neighbor.

Loving your neighbor could be understood as loving those who live near you, loving the strangers you pass by on the street, or even loving that annoying person who works near you at the office. In essence, these are people who you only casually know at best, and you unlikely would be friends with them if it were not for the geographical connection.

Loving one another is the opposite side of this coin. In this statement, Jesus commands His followers to love those they are close to, like those who are part of their family, friends, and church group. In some ways this is easier, but the challenge here is that the closer you get to know someone, the less of a mask they are able to put up, and the more you really get to know who they are. If you find something that you don’t like about them, is your response going to be breaking the friendship, or is it one that displays love and/or forgiveness? The answer is very dependent on the situation, but when in doubt, we should err on the side of showing love even if the relationship needs to end.

But in this command is also the command to love those who call themselves followers. This might be the hardest challenge of all. When we look at the broad group of people who identify themselves as “Christians”, there is very little that we could call united. There are “Christians” who hold to almost every possible belief and ideology that exists today. Sadly, the one thing that was suppose to unify us apart from a belief in Jesus is our love – for each other and for others – and this is more than simply tolerating those who believe differently than us.

Jesus’ single command for His church was to be known as the most loving place anyone could go – and while being loving does not mean ignoring the truth or discounting sin, it does mean caring for the individual in spite of the sin and helping lift them into a better place than they were before. It also means forgiving even if the other person doesn’t deserve it. With a love like this, we can accurately represent Jesus in our world today.

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A Kingdom Preview: Matthew 13:24-50

Published May 14, 2026 in Audio Journal Entries

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Over the past several episodes, we have covered a set of six parables that together form an interesting theme. While too often, we take one or two parables and pull the themes from the smaller picture, I thought this episode would be a great time to zoom out and look at the logical pattern Matthew takes when telling us these parables.

In Matthew’s gospel, chapter 13, we find more parables than any other single chapter in the whole gospels. From the outline of our year looking at Jesus’ parables, I count 8 parables included in Matthew 13, and the next highest a single chapter comes is 3. So far, we have looked at 7 of the Matthew 13 parables, and in our next episode, we will focus in on the eighth.

While Matthew 13 begins by sharing the significant parable of the farmer planting seed and the four types of soil, the next 6 parables all reference the Kingdom of Heaven, and when looked at as a set, they form a logical, intentional structure.

The first three parables form one set. These parables are the Wheat and the Weeds parable, where the farmer plants wheat and his enemy sneaks in and plants weeds; the parable of the Mustard Seed that grows into a great tree; and the parable of the Yeast Hidden in Flour.

Within this first set of parables, we see several big themes. Within the focus of each of these parables is the theme of growth, the theme that the kingdom needs spiritual water to fuel its growth, and the theme that growth takes time. All three of these parables in our first set touch on all three of these themes.

From this set of parables, we can learn that God’s kingdom is a growing kingdom. While some of the parables allow for setback within the growth theme, these three parables tell us that growth is present.

From this set of parables, we also learn that God’s kingdom needs water to fuel its growth. With this theme regarding water, I am reminded of the Water of Life that Jesus referred to in other places in the gospels. This water of life is something that Jesus gives to those who ask and this water is spiritual water that satisfies our spiritual thirst. In the context of our first set of parables, I wouldn’t be surprised if the water that is needed for kingdom growth is the water of life.

Also, this set of parables focuses us on the detail that the growth of God’s kingdom will take some time. It takes time for a seed to turn into a plant, or a seed into a tree. It also takes time for yeast to rise when it has been mixed into dough. Given enough time, all these situations will equal growth, but they all need time. Yeast needs more than 5 minutes, and a seed needs more than 5 days to fully mature. We shouldn’t expect God’s kingdom to instantly appear in the world today or even instantly appear in our hearts. Instead, we should expect that God leads us on a journey of growth that will take time.

After this first set of three parables, Matthew shares Jesus’ explanation for the first parable, and He emphasizes in this explanation how the harvest this parable refers to is the Day of Judgment when the wicked will be separated from the righteous.

Following this explanation, Jesus then shares three short parables that also include some shared themes. These last three parables together form our second set of parables. These parables are the Treasure Hidden in a field, the Merchant looking for fine pearls, and the Fishing Net catching both good and bad fish to be sorted.

In this second set of parables, we discover the big themes that God’s kingdom is best viewed from God’s perspective, that God’s kingdom is willing to wade through a lot of inferior things in order to find that which it sees as valuable, and that God’s kingdom sacrifices in order to gain what it desires.

Within the parables of the treasure, the pearl, and the fishing net, we might be tempted to take these parables and read them from our perspective, believing we are the ones who are searching for treasure, seeking pearls, and sorting bad and good things from our lives. While none of these things are bad to do, these parables should be viewed as being from God’s perspective, since the clear explanation of the parable of the fishing net is given from God’s perspective and all three of these parables are explanations of the kingdom of heaven.

With God’s perspective, we discover how valuable we really are in His eyes, leading us to the other two big themes found in this second set of parables.

When looking at all three parables, we discover God’s kingdom is willing to wade through a lot of inferior things in order to find that which is valuable. While a case can be made for the parable of the hidden treasure and the pearl as being less about pulling everything together and sorting, these first two parables in our set have the element of patience included.

In the man’s case, while he might have not expected to find hidden treasure, he had a plan when he discovered it. There was a lot of dirt that was worthless in this man’s eyes, but one mound of dirt had a treasure, and when he discovered what mound of dirt that was, he was going to purchase it no matter what.

In the next parable in this set, the merchant was used to seeing, evaluating, buying, and selling products. The parable of the Merchant has a stronger theme of filtering because a good merchant is a salesman who only purchases items he believes he can sell, and he has learned this skill from experience and from wading through a lot of inferior items. When the exceptional pearl came past this merchant, he immediately knew its value, and he would not stop selling until he had enough to purchase it.

The parable of the fishing net has a clear theme of filtering and sorting, because that is what the fishermen do with what is caught in their nets.

Our final big theme for the last three parables is that when the valuable item appeared, God’s kingdom gives up everything to acquire it. The man with the treasure sold everything he had, similar to the merchant selling all that he had as well. In the parable of the fishing net, the time is spent collecting everything and making sure all the valuable fish were saved.

This big set of 6 parables begins with a parable about sorting wheat and weeds, which Jesus describes as a judgment scene, and these 6 parables end with a parable describing sorting good and bad fish in a judgment scene. In the middle point of these parables, Jesus gives the big explanation of the first parable that God’s kingdom will allow the good and bad to grow and live together until the point of the judgment. Up until the fishing net collected all the fish to sort out the fish, both the good and bad fish lived together. God’s kingdom will ultimately sort out the bad from the good when the judgment happens.

The second and fifth parables have a similar but also significant focus, and this shared theme is that the size of an item does not dictate its value. Whether the kingdom is small like a seed or a pearl, God sees what it can be, not what it is right now. The seed is capable of becoming a great tree, and the pearl can become the focal point of an exceptional necklace. God measures our value through our potential, not through our current circumstances.

The third and fourth parables have a hidden and internal focus, because God’s kingdom is something that lives inside of us and when God’s kingdom is alive within us, it shines through us blessing those God brings into our lives.

I believe Matthew arranged these parables with a very structured and logical thought when he wrote his gospel record, and I believe Jesus shared these parables because He was leading the disciples towards better understanding God’s kingdom truth!

As we come to the end of another podcast episode, here are the challenges I will leave you with:

As always, continue to seek God first in your life and let God teach you about His kingdom as you move closer to Him each and every day letting His kingdom enter your heart and mind. Be sure to place your faith, hope, trust, and belief in Jesus knowing that Jesus is the way to experience God’s kingdom in our lives today as we are preparing for eternity.

Also, intentionally and regularly pray and study the Bible for yourself to keep your personal connection with God strong. Never let anyone else get between you and God’s Word or between you and living out God’s mission for your life! Live each day for God’s kingdom grounded in the truth of God’s Word and blessing others with God’s love!

And as I end every set of challenges by saying in one way or another, never stop short of, back away from, chicken out of, or abandon where God wants to lead you to in your life with Him!

Year of Parables – Episode 20: In Matthew, chapter 13, we discover the greatest number of parables than any other single chapter of the gospels. And of the eight parables this chapter includes, the middle six form a fascinating, preplanned structure that teaches us some amazing themes about the Kingdom of heaven.

Join the discussion. Share your thoughts on this passage.